Oil Spills (873 words) Essay Example For Students

Oil Spills (873 words) Essay Oil SpillsOil is a product used by everyone, but sometimes oil is a problem. An oil spill is aleakage from an oceangoing tanker, pipelines, or other oil sources. Oil spills occur veryfrequently, and cause enormous ecological harm. About eight million barrels of oil arespilled each year. Tankers usually carry about five-hundred million barrels of oil. Many oil spills, large in land or ocean coverage, have had major impacts on theearth and its inhabitants. Many animals are die and some are injured in some way. Manyplants and animals are endangered, or are now extinct. The largest oil spill to occur waswhen the Exxon Valdez went aground and covered 4,800 square miles in Prince WilliamSound, Alaska. This spill killed 35,000 sea birds, 10,000 otters, and at least nine whales. The spill left pools of oil up to three feet on some beaches. In December of 1989, anIranian tanker leaked 70,000 tons, about 19 million gallons of oil off of the coast ofMorocco. In January 1990 a broken Exxon pipel ine leaked 567,000 gallons into the NewYork harbor. In June of 1990, another 260,000 gallons were spilled in New York Harbor. A tanker carrying 38 million gallons of oil caught on fire, and leaked oil into the Gulf ofMexico. This was a very serious threat to local shrimp nurseries and wildlife refuges. InFebruary of 1990, 300,000 gallons leaked from a damaged tanker off Southern California,fouling miles of shoreline. In the Niger River delta, in Nigeria, Shell pipelines haverepeatedly burst. In 1970 oil spilled across 8 square km, which remained contaminated forover 20 years. According to the U.S. Coast guard, the incident rate post is only 0.5 spills peryear. In fact, there have been no large spills over 5,000 barrels from tankers in the USsince 1991. The US Coast Guard data shows that the amount of oil spilled by tankers hasdecreased dramatically. Worldwide pollution from tanker spills is a relatively minorsource of marine pollution. It only represents a small fraction of the oil released to theenvironment, when it is being compared to industrial waste, non-tanker shipping, and oilseepage from natural resources. Ships are but one part of an overall safety system thatincludes charting, aids to navigation, the condition of channels, and the resources that theCoast guard can bring to ensure standards are being met. The United States suffers frommeasurable neglect in portions of its marine infrastructure. The Refuse Act, which was first enacted in 1899, makes it a crime to allow refuseto enter navigable waters. The Migratory Bird Treaty Act, makes it a crime to kill certainbirds. These laws were not intended to apply to an oil spill, but prosecutors use them tointimidate and punish individuals without an obvious connection to a spill. The singlemost positive improvement that Congress can make to the legal regime, is to amend theRefuse Act and the Migratory Bird Treaty Act, to make them inapplicable to oil spillscovered in the Clean Water Act. Oil Spill Wildlife Management (OSWM), in businesssince 1989, is a wildlife consulting firm. OSWM offers its clients an alternative to thewildlife dilemma. Donjon Environmental Marine Services is a synergistic organizationcreated to provide the maritime industry with responsive, and cost-effective answers tomeet the requirements of The Oil Pollution Act of 1990. Garner Environmental Servicesprovides a 24 hour emergency response for any type of pollution incidents. GarnerEnvironmental Services specializes in the management of disposal of waste streams, andmaintains a fleet if equipment and drivers to transport these waste streams from industrieson the Gulf Coast. Clean Venture Inc. is a leading contractor in handling waste, andhazardous oil materials. Since, its establishment, Clean Venture Inc., has responded tomore than five thousand oil and hazardous material spills and has performed over tenthousand projects, ranging in size from 1,000 to 3,000,000 dollars. How can we prevent oil spills? The US oil and natural gas industry, supplies morethan 65 percent of Americas energy. ?By nearly every measure, the volume of spills inUS waters has been on a steady downward trend since 1973,? states Captain James D. .u7273ce8e679ff15bc62db1cb32ac7282 , .u7273ce8e679ff15bc62db1cb32ac7282 .postImageUrl , .u7273ce8e679ff15bc62db1cb32ac7282 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7273ce8e679ff15bc62db1cb32ac7282 , .u7273ce8e679ff15bc62db1cb32ac7282:hover , .u7273ce8e679ff15bc62db1cb32ac7282:visited , .u7273ce8e679ff15bc62db1cb32ac7282:active { border:0!important; } .u7273ce8e679ff15bc62db1cb32ac7282 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7273ce8e679ff15bc62db1cb32ac7282 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7273ce8e679ff15bc62db1cb32ac7282:active , .u7273ce8e679ff15bc62db1cb32ac7282:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7273ce8e679ff15bc62db1cb32ac7282 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7273ce8e679ff15bc62db1cb32ac7282 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7273ce8e679ff15bc62db1cb32ac7282 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7273ce8e679ff15bc62db1cb32ac7282 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7273ce8e679ff15bc62db1cb32ac7282:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7273ce8e679ff15bc62db1cb32ac7282 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7273ce8e679ff15bc62db1cb32ac7282 .u7273ce8e679ff15bc62db1cb32ac7282-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7273ce8e679ff15bc62db1cb32ac7282:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Education and Society Essay Spitzer, the chief of the US Coast Guards Office of Investigations. Most spills that occurare usually small, based on data from the US Coast Guard. In 1997, more thanthree-fourths of the spills in US waters were under ten gallons of oil, which is less than acars fuel tank can hold. From the year of 1989, the year of the Exxon Valdez accident,the amount of oil spilled in US waters has declined from fourteen million gallons to 1.1million gallons spilled in 1997. Every part of the modern petroleum industry hascontributed to the progress being made. Exploration and production facilities useadvanced materials and techniques, with plenty of back up safety systems. Pipelines usecomputers, electromagnetic instruments, and ultrasonic devices to detect weak spots, sothey can be repaired before it is to late and a leak develops. Marine terminals and vesselsare being made differently. Tankers are being built with double hulls. Storage tanks areconstructed of special materials to withstand corros ion. People play important roles inprevention, by signing petitions, striking companies, and some boycott, which isntsuccessful because oil is an everyday use. Everyone can become a part of theconservation and prevention of oil spills. Science Essays

Persuasion Case Study

Persuasion Case Study Persuasion is a process whose aim is to change an individual’s or group’s behavior or attitude towards a certain belief, attitude, or behavior. Persuasion entails careful presentation of arguments, facts, and/or supporting evidence in a compelling and suitable environment.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Persuasion specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The nature of Monica’s dilemma is such that she rightfully deserves a pay rise on account of her commendable performance in her job. In fact, this is one of the motivating factors that saw her accept the job, despite the fact that it paid 5 percent lower in comparison with her previous job. Her boss, Allan, had promised Monica that upon the completion of 90 days, she would undergo performance evaluation and her salary would be reviewed upwards. Her boss has even commended her on several occasions for a job well-done but one month past the expiry of the 90 days period, she is yet to be evaluated. Monica’s boss is under pressure to â€Å"make the numbers† and has been so preoccupied that he has not had the time to discuss the issue with Monica. On the other hand, Monica is fearful that she might get de-motivated if the performance evaluation is not done now as she might feel as though she is getting less than her worth. Monica has been unsuccessful at persuading her boss to ensure that the performance evaluation is conducted as promised on account of poor communication strategy. Monica’s approach to her boss as regards her pending performance evaluation was gentle and soft. She jokingly reminds her boss of his promise and her boss probably never took her seriously. As such, Monica did not present her case in a careful and panned manner. She also lacked the necessary documentation, data and facts to argue her case, although these are some of the key prerequisites of persuasion. When asking for a pay rise, Mo nica might have preferred to use such strategies as hint dropping and â€Å"joking† as she probably assumed that her boss was fully aware of the promise to review her performance and give her the pay rise that she deserved once the 90 days are over.Advertising Looking for case study on business communication? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More As such, she did not wish to offend him and so she opted for a soft stance. Unfortunately, this strategy did not work because there was no effective communication between Monica and her boss. Seeing that her boss is under pressure to â€Å"make the number†, Monica has to adopt a more persuasive strategy than she is currently using. This is the only way for her to be listened to. One such strategy that Monica can embrace is to propose to her boss to give her additional responsibilities as a way of enabling the company achieve its goal. Definitely, her boss is bound to notice her amid his busy schedule. Then, Monica can seize this opportunity to arrange for an appointment when they can get to discuss her impending performance evaluation and salary increment.

Find a New Career as a Health Care Professional

Find a New Career as a Health Care Professional Sometimes, the desire to be involved in medicine might not strike when you’re young. But then, inspiration hits. Maybe a life-changing event calls you to help others; maybe you realize that after pursuing another career, you have a skill set that lends itself perfectly to the rapidly evolving healthcare field. Even if you amassed a course load (and a degree) that has nothing to do with health care, never fear–it’s never too late for a career change into the growing and thriving medical profession.Your first step? Look for a  postbaccalaureate  program specifically designed to give you the core science classes you missed the first time around that you’ll need for your desired role. (Nurse? Doctor? Veterinarian? Dentist? They’re all up for grabs!)Next, find a mentor. Most programs are designed with career changers in mind and offer a wealth of opportunities to strike out on a path tailor-made for your life. Find a professional you hope to emulate and pick his or her brain. And don’t forget to contact other recent career changers who have been there and can give you advice from the trenches.Finally, pursue this major undertaking with confidence! Whether you’re fresh out of college and want a redo or are decades into your career, many resources are available for you enter the medical field and leave your mark.So you’re thinking of a new career in medicineRead More at USC News

Construction Engineering Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Construction Engineering - Assignment Example Following are the steps involved in designing new hospitals in Canada(Martin). First and foremost step is designing the patient care areas which may either be for a single patient or for multiple patients. These areas are designed for proper HVAC conditions so that least energy is consumed to maintain required environmental parameters. These areas are usually provided with a window or wall that is directly exposed to harsh weather conditions. Therefore, proper supply and exhaust outlets are provided in order to provide isolation from air borne infections. Rooms being designed for patients with burns, aids or other diseases in which rate of infection is much higher, are provided with protective environment. In this case air pressure within the room is controlled by venture valve. After designing patient care rooms, waiting rooms and examination rooms are designed. These are designed to provide better sitting and waiting conditions to the patients. Usually square plaque diffusers are u sed in these areas in order to provide rapid mix supply of air within the room. Operating rooms within the hospitals are not only provided with good HVAC condition but also with good lightning strategies. Operating rooms are usually provided with laminar flow systems for the diffusion and mixing of air, where surgical areas are provided with air curtain systems. Laboratories in the hospitals are provided with square plaque diffusers. While designing state of the art hospitals in Canada, engineering firms are concerned in designing each part of the HVAC system in the integrated form so that it can be easily modified to updated system when needed. If an engineering firm wants to get gold certification for the design of a hospital then the design must satisfy given LEED parameters with rating of 60 to 79 units(Engineering). Sustainable sites Water efficiency Indoor environment quality Material resources Energy and atmosphere Innovative Design Question 2 Explain the different roles that an architect and an engineer fulfill on a design project where they have to collaborate. Consider that they are both assigned to the hospital project in question 1. What would be the relationship between the engineer and architect? Draw a diagram to illustrate. Architects and engineers collaborate while implementing engineering principles to the construction design and planning of a building. While designing hospitals, collaboration between architects and engineers is highly recommended. Both work side by side for proper placement and working of biomedical as well as other electrical systems. Architects are good at implementing design techniques to solve any problem whereas engineers are good at mathematical work. While designing a hospital, engineers are to decide the size of HVAC unit including compressors and boilers and architects are then to plan for the right space for the placements of instruments. Not only this, but engineers are also good at calculating the right amount of flow that should reach each room as required, they go for calculating the number of units of lights required in the operation theatre and proper positioning and distance of light from operation table. Engineers are also good at handling heavy machinery like CT-scans and MRI machines during installation. Whereas, architects are specialized in developing a hospital structure and map of the building. Figure 1: Engineer – Architect Relation Question 3 A consulting engineering firm that is

PLC Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

PLC - Coursework Example Apple may also lure customers to purchase the new product by using sales tools and pricing activities such as giving free samples and price incentives (Stark, 2011) In the growth stage marketing strategies goals that is used is monitoring competitors’ activities compared to those of the firm and ensuring that quality standards are adhered in order to maintain customer satisfaction. Finally the strategies that can be applied in the stage are, developing new product image, finding new customers, applying new technology and discovering new uses (Stark, 2011). c)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   During the maturity stage, firms strive to ensure that they generate cash flows. They seek to ensure that they cover the initial outlay costs. They also struggle to hold market share, steal market share and increase share of customer. However, when this fails, you can apply some strategies to bring the business back to life. The firm can develop a new product image, try to lure new customers, find alternative uses of the product, and embrace new technology (Stark,

Solution To Hanjin Problems Information Technology Essay

Solution To Hanjin Problems Information Technology Essay Shipping by its nature is a very competitive and a very complex industry. Martin Stopford, 1997 Shipping companies have to operate on a global scale and manage offices all around the world and work with a diverse work force. Merchant shipping is one of the most highly regulated industries in the world. Hence information systems play a very important role in the management of the shipping company. In this essay we will analyse a case study of how Hanjin shipping used information systems grow as a leading shipping company. Hanjin is a global transportation and Logistics Company. (Hanjin shipping, 2010).The company operates around 200 ships, mainly container vessels, gas tankers and bulk carriers. Hanjin ships are trading worldwide. Hanjin transport cargo to more than 100million tons a year to 6000 destinations worldwide. (Hanjin shipping, 2010) Companys sales network includes 200 international branch offices and 30 corporations. Over all the company is expanding rapidly on a global sca le and is also venturing into new shipping related business. Business problems Hanjin was increasing its global operations by opening new container terminals, buying new large ships, going in alliance with container lines. Hanjin lacked the logistics required to be competent in the container industry. Its 10 year old ERP systems lacked functionality and flexibility required to operate such a complex and big organisation (Oracle 2008). Hanjin understood that without end to end logistics solutions they cannot compete in container business. Hanjin also faced problems controlling procurement costs and to meet the global regulatory requirements (Oracle 2008). The data collection system was done manually and hence it was time consuming and prone to errors. Hanjin have a work force of around 4000 which are employed all around the world. It was increasing difficult for Hanjin to manage such a large and diverse work force. Solution to Hanjin problems As a solution to the problems Hanjin was facing due to its global expansion it decided to launch Process innovation project. The process innovation purpose was to establish advanced management structure and strengthening its organisational capabilities. (Sustainability report, 2006). The project applied to business process and organization structure as well as the corporate cultures based on adopting the advanced IT infrastructure. (Sustainability report, 2006, p.27). Hanjin decided to re-engineer their business process using best practice models for their ERP systems so as to gain global competitiveness. This system was going to be a long term solution, it will not directly show on balance sheet but it will be platform for launching new business projects (Business report 2006). Hanjin also decided to shift to customer based business by ensuring good service and increased customer satisfaction. Process Innovation Project The process innovation project team was assembled in October 2004 and then they spent 5 months for mapping the new systems and the process. The project will be implemented gradually on a step by step basis. The process innovation project was to be implemented during a period of 3 years. Source: (Hanjin Sustainability report, 2008, pg.27) The main aim of process innovation was to be customer centred and a profitability oriented management company. The information system used to re-in force the organisational capabilities and will prepare the management to be more customers focused. The information system development contracts were given to companies which were best in the business (Oracle, 2008). ERP was given to ORACLE while others were given to Siebel and Hyperion. During the process of project Oracle acquired Siebel and Hyperion which resulted in seamless integration and customer support. (Oracle, 2008). Information Systems (ERP) Enterprise Resource planning: Enterprise system integrates the key business processes into single system. In this system the flow of information is seamless throughout the organisation (Laudon laudon, 2007). Hanjins Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Internal system Internal system Source: Author generated Hanjin integrated business process such as finance and accounting, capital asset planning, human resource, procurement process. They used these for smooth flow of information in their internal system. The companys senior management was involved in the projects implementation. The Managing director and CIO of Hanjin Shipping said that To improve our global competitiveness, we needed an IT solution that supported extensive process reengineering (Oracle, 2008, pg.1). Hanjin decided to invest about 57.7 million USD on this project. They standardised the management and data collections methods, restructured the flow of data between their business systems and prepared a dictionary so as to make it easier for the staff to follow new system. As the system was implemented on a step by step basis, gradually the staff could see the benefits of the system and they were not resilient to changes, but they were will to share information in between different divisions. Company also adopted other bes t practice guidelines such as training and educating the staff, use of software support and maintenance. Benefits of Information system Source: (Hanjin Sustainability report, 2008, pg.27) The above diagram is explained using the generic model of 6Cs for explaining business benefits. Lower Cost: The e-sourcing system assisted them to procure products from a list of suppliers and they were benefited from competitive pricing which resulted in procurement costs. Cost saving per customer was increased due to increased efficiency (Oracle, 2008). Improved Communication: As the data was consolidated into a single system, hence staff gained an integrated view of operations (Oracle, 2008). Improved Management Control: New ERP systems and re-engineering process helped in improved business management. This gave the managers a complete view of the companys operations and also equipped the staff with detailed information they required to plan, execute and evaluate complex initiatives. The managers were also able to make decisions and ensure problems were addressed immediately. Performance evaluation was easier and could be easily done on a global basis and medium and long term strategy planning could be done due to data availability. (Oracle, 2008) New Capability: HR platform helped in improving the efficiency of the department. The new system helped the managers to view complete history of the staff and also discard applications. This resulted in increased efficiency of HR staff which could focus more on attracting and retaining skilled employees and also train them. (Oracle, 2008) Improved Customer Service: Due to its service network it could respond faster to customers demands. Detailed sales and marketing plans could be developed. (Oracle, 2008) Competitive Advantage: Hanjin got the recognition of a reliable logistics partner. (Sustainability report, 2008). In April 2008 Hanjin got the highest awards in logistics in Korea. (Sustainability report, 2008). Future business plans The project improved the overall performance of the company process. In future company aims to invest more in their IT systems which aims to complement their management systems as well as front office work. (Business report 2007). As the internal system implementation was completed the company now is ready to develop shipping/logistics related business which will become the companys next driving forces. Banking on their internal system they are stepping closer to become a Global logistics company. They are also planning to expand its 3PL (3rd party logistics) business by extending its global network (Hanjin Shipping, 2008). In line with their Process Innovation project they have also launched another project Knowledge management. (Sustainability report, 2008) Conclusion: The project taken by Hanjin to rebuild its business process by the use of information systems was strategically very important. Hanjin is a global organisation with different functions, organisational levels and many business processes; hence ERP system was the correct choice of information system. This project became the base to implement advance business process which complement their information systems and also increase the efficiency of the company. It helped the company to be more customers focused which is a key strategy in current times. They could venture into new aspects of business such as logistics. The selection of Oracle and Siebel was also correct because they were the best in the business. Hanjin made correct decision by integrating all systems together. The acquisition of Siebel and Hyperion by Oracle ensured that the systems have seamless integration and continuous support. The information systems which they used were in line with their business strategies which res ulted in success of the project.

Fight Club and the Idea of Nonsensical Life Essay

In our dynamic and busy society, every one is prone to suffer some psychological problems from its faintest symptoms to the most severe effect to the human mind. This trouble occurs because our society can not satisfy our mental capabilities. This shows that even if the human mind is regarded as the most important and most reliable machine in the universe, there is still the possibility that it cannot handle every inch of information fed into it, which unfortunately draws back with negative effects in our social and psychological nature. The psychological problems are somewhat manifested in the actions of people in our everyday activities which includes social interaction, eating, walking, sleeping, and others. The body, together with our mind is our ultimate weapon to all problems that attacks us in every minute of every day, thus it is important to take care of our body and mind to ensure a smooth flow of social and psychological functions One of the most common problems that people around the world experience that has something to do with the psychological nature and has an effect in the social realm is the presence of insomnia. This is a physiological and psychological problem that makes a person stay awake for hours in the night and could lead to depression, anxiety, and other psychological and social problems if not being taken cared of. This could be seen in situations of stress and other social factors such as boredom and heavily depressing situations that makes the mind of an individual relatively awake at night, and affects many aspects of its life including his/her career, social life and interaction, leisure, and even the family. This is illustrated in Chuck Palahniuk’s novel â€Å"Fight Club†. Wherein, the main character or the narrator suffers from insomnia and eventually led him to other directions of life that changed the course of his whole nature and realm forever. â€Å"I want to a good night’s sleep. I want to get up without feeling that to waken is to plunge through a trap door†(40). This poem line shows us that many people experience problems of insomnia, which have a different effect on every body based on the interpretation and diagnosis from the persons history and psychological disposition. So why do people suffer from insomnia and psychological problem? One of the main reasons, I think is that, most people who go through is have a feeling that their lives were senseless or vain. This also makes it easier to understand that people who suffer any psychological problem have the tendency to overreact and unfortunately lead themselves to death. Their idea of a good life is being overrun by anxiety and senseless assumptions that makes them think that their actions arte not enough to act ordinarily and make themselves think as if they are the ones responsible for failures and misrecognitions. Chuck wrote about these feelings in his book through the use of a character named Tyler. Tyler shows the people his influence through his illustration of nonsensical lives the people had been which gave him the reason to create the group and the fight club members a new reason to live their lives as they prefer it. The first life that Tyler changed was essentially his own. The main character and Tyler are actually the same person although the narrator did not learn this until near the end of the story. When Tyler and the narrator first met together, they started fight club after Tyler’s uttered his legendary phrase, `I want you to hit me as hard as you can` (Palahniuk 46). This started a totally different period in the narrator’s life. Different from the meaningless but contented life he had been experiencing. This led to an unstructured yet significant life moment he felt in everyday of his life. It is far from his unhappy, monotonous and tedious life at the office, selling cars and dealing with his hated boss. The narrator, having had his life changed by Tyler and fight club, then goes on to say, `You aren’t alive anywhere like your alive at fight club` (51). The narrator would rather be at fight club than anywhere else in the world. Along with this, he also says that `After a night in fight club, everything in the real world gets the volume turned down` (49). The main character cannot compare his experiences at fight club to anything else in his life. His enthusiasm and eager ness is shown in fight club more than anything in the he ever done in the world, and in the course of his life. Tyler Durden tore down the narrator by changing his life and then rebuilt his life by starting fight club with him. For the narrator, his unexpected meeting with Tyler is the most phenomenal yet unbelievable thing that he never thought could change his nonsensical life. Tyler also changed strangers’ lives by establishing Project Mayhem and giving assignments at fight club, to be executed and that would make a change in the social environment as the day goes on. Tyler ordered the members to each make twelve human sacrifices to ensure their existence in the organization and make their commitment as sincere as possible thru these assignments. The best example is the human sacrifice the narrator made of Raymond Hessel. The narrator takes Raymond at gunpoint and makes him explain that he has failed at becoming a veterinarian. After telling Raymond that he will kill him if he won’t be on his way to becoming a veterinarian in three months, the narrator lets him go and remarks, `Raymond K. K. Hessel, your dinner is going to taste better than any meal you’ve ever eaten, and tomorrow will be the most beautiful day of your life` (155). By doing this, the narrator has made Raymond stop taking his life for granted and made him do something productive with his life. Although most people would see this act as being mean or cruel, this is the best and most effective way for the narrator to get Raymond to stop taking his life for granted. In other words, there is a great effect given off by the group not only upon themselves but to other people as well. It did not matter if these people are total strangers, but what is important to them is the huge effect they make in the lives of people, including that of Tyler’s and the narrator’s. By following the rules and compensating the value of their commitment, the members practically make their lives as meaningful to them, especially inside of the fight club circle. Tyler then expands his vision and decides to create Project Mayhem to try to change the world. With all the effect of fight club in the minds of its members and the effect of their actions in the society, they became a large organization that plans to take over the society by way of Tyler Durden’s words and commands. In other words, his words are like God’s commandments that should be followed in order to make some changes in the scenes of problematic worldviews. He says `Like fight club does with clerks and box boys, Project Mayhem will break up civilization so that we can make something better out of the world` (125). He sees that the only way to change the world is to destroy it so it can rebuild into something stronger. Tyler thought of the world as `my world, my world, and those ancient people are dead` (124). He wanted the world to be his generations world and for it to be `free of history. ` Tyler saw that history had done harm to the world, so if they freed the world from its history they were `going to save the world` (125). Project Mayhems main focus is to take the world one step back so they can move three steps forward. It is like an anarchistic thought that, people should not believe in what ever authorities say, what is important is what Tyler says and the members should believe and respect it like no other authorities exist. By putting into every one’s mind that fight club should not be talked about outside of their organizational circle, the group remains as underground as possible to protect their identity and to protect their principle to change the mainstream interpretation of the world. With this, it shows that it reflects the world view of the narrator as a tedious and tiring scenario wherein he should obey every word his boss says. Or he should do every work given to him everyday. Sometimes we are tricked into thinking that the only ways for change to come about is to keep moving forward and in the same direction. In Fight Club, we are shown that this is not true by the character of Tyler and that sometimes it is better to move backwards so we can progress forwards. Not only is this true in the book, but it can also be applied to situations in the real world. In addition, we may take another path to attain progress and growth other than what is given to us by the world. People’s view on the world and life as a whole should be taken on its next level that we should not only think in its linear sense but in a diffusing one. More possibilities and more options. This was also internalized by the narrator through the revelation of Tyler Durden’s identity throughout the story, which gave him other idea of life not just the ordinary life he experienced in the past. But on the otherhand this also led to more serious complications of life as a whole. Works Cited Palahniuk, Chuck. Fight Club. USA: WW Norton, 1996.